Identification of Civil War Military
surgical sets: USA Hosp. and Medical Dept.
Here are some major indicators to help
you identify a Civil War or earlier military surgical set: First,
it will be in a wood case. Second, among
the indicators are bilateral brass sliding latches on the front of the case and
may have an engraved brass plate
(plaque, cartouche) on the top of the case. The brass plate may or may not
be engraved with 'U.S.A Hospital Department or U.S.A. Medical Department' or
some variation of those words. Military issued sets will not have the
surgeon's name on the brass plate, the set belonged to the Army, not the surgeon. There is generally no key or key hole, just
sliding latches to lock the case. However, I have seen a few sets with
both sliding latches and keys. The interior will be lined in velvet (red,
purple, tan, green, blue, depending on the age and maker). With any luck,
there will be a trade label stuck inside the case with the maker name and
address. The name and address are keys to dating any set, especially Civil
War sets. In
some cases, the large instruments are marked with 'U.S. Army (U.S.A.) Hosp. Dept.' or the
makers name and address.
Civil War Union surgical set cases
made of mahogany wood,
with sliding military inlayed brass latches

Military style inlayed sliding brass
latch with brass re-enforcements at the corners of the mahogany case.
(See an example of Chrome or
plated latches
which are much later.)
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Left
Latch
Right Latch
Bilateral
military all brass latches on the front of the case and no key hole, an
engraved brass
plate on the top of the mahogany case. (Both military latches
and a keyed lock are very rare, but
do exist)
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The brass plate on the top of the case may or may not
marked "U.S.A. Hosp' Dept" or "U.S. A Medical Department."
Surgical instrument makers during
the Civil War:
These are the maker names you would expect to find on
instruments in sets made during or for the Union during the Civil War under
contract from the U.S. Army Medical Department or U.S. Army Hospital Department. You should not see a mix of these names in
any one set during the Civil War era. All the names in a given set
should be the same. Generally speaking, Medical Dept. sets are
more likely to be earlier than Hospital Dept. marked sets.
Medical Dept. marked sets cover a longer time frame: before, during,
and after the Civil War.
Tiemann, Hernstein, Otto,
Reynders, Gemrig, Kern, Snowden, Kolbe, Helmold, Kuemerle, Leypoldt, Teufel,
Wirz, Wiegand, Snowden, Codman, Shurtleff, Rees, Wade, Ford, Wocher,
Brinkerhoff.
A typical large Civil War field operative
surgical set which would have been used in 1862-1865, there are smaller
and more specialized sets, not shown on this page. See the
Displays above for more sets.
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Upper tray:
1. Bone
dust brush
2.
Amputation saw
3. Handle
for small trephine
4.
Trepanning scalpel
5. Hey saw for
trepanning
6. Gouging
bone chisel
7.
Trepanning elevator
8. Straight
end bone chisel
9.
Trepanning raspatory
10 & 11. Chain saw handles (2)
12. Olive
arterial forceps
13. Bandage or
tissue scissor
14. Trephine head
(small)
Lower tray:
15. Chain saw
blades
16. Bone holding
forceps
17. Liston Bone forceps (heavy)
18. Bone rongeur forceps
19. Set of bone
drills (4) with handle
20. Liston knee curve cutting forceps
21. Bone chisel
mallet
Removable tray:
22. Handle for
large trephine
23. Trephine head
(large)
24. Tourniquet
(brass frame) w/strap
25. Set of muscle
retractors (2)
26. Needles,
suture, bone wax compartment
27. Aneurysm
needle holders
28. Scalpels,
Bistouries, tenaculeum
29. Amputation
knives, catlin, finger saw
30. Spare bone
saw blade
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Numbers in yellow
correspond to list on left
Click image to enlarge

Civil War issue surgical set
Full details and additional photos of above set |
The instruments below would be
expected to be found in a larger Civil War field set as they are unique to the
problems confronted during War time or were typically found in Civil War
surgical sets

Buck's Rectal Trocar
Male urinary staves or sounds

Chain saw for bone resection Bullet forceps (various types)
If you have a set with any of these
characteristics, please go here for an
evaluation at no charge
Contents as
detailed by the U.S.A. Medical Department for Civil War surgical
sets 1862
(1)
The Capital Operating Case
contained: 2 amputating knives (one
long, one medium), 2 catlings (one long, one medium), 4 scalpels, 1
cartilage knife, 1 capital saw (long, bow, two blades), 1 metacarpal
saw, 1 chain saw, 1 Hey's saw, 1 trephine (conical), 1 trephine (small
crown), 1 bone forceps (Liston's long, sharp, spring handle), 1 bone
forceps (broad edged, slightly carved, spring handle), 1 bone forceps
(gnawing, spring handle), 1 bone forceps (sequestrum, spring handle), 1
artery forceps, 1 artery needle, 1 artery needle key, 12 surgeon's
needles, 1 tourniquet screw with pad, 1 tenaculum, 1 scissors, 1 chisel, 1 gouge, 1 mallet, 4 drills (with one handle), 2 retractors, 1
raspatory, 1 elevator, 1 brush, 12 yards suture wire (iron), ¼ oz.
ligature silk. 1/8 oz. wax, 1 mahogany case (brass bound, slide catch),
1 leather pouch.
(2)
The Minor Operating
Case contained: 1 amputating knife, 3
scalpels, 2 bistouries, 1 hernia knife, 1 finger knife, 1 artery forceps, 1 ball
forceps, 1 gullet forceps, 1 dressing forceps, 1 dissection forceps,
1 artery needle, 1 artery needle key, 12 surgeon's needles, 1
tenaculum, 2 scissors, 1 trocar and canula. 1 Belloc's canula, 1 bullet
probe, 1 director, 1 cutting pliers (small), 6 steel bougies (silvered, double curve, Nos. 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6, 7 and 8, 9 and
10, 11 and 12), 3 silver catheters (Nos. 3, 6, and 9), 6 gum-elastic
catheters (Nos. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11), 24 suture pins (silvered), 6
yards suture wire (iron), ¼ oz. ligature silk, 1/8 oz. wax, 1 mahogany
case (brass bound, slide catch), 1 leather pouch.
(3)
The Pocket Case contained:
1 scalpel, 3 bistouries, 1 tenotome, 1 gum lancet, 2 thumb lancets, 1 razor (small), 1 artery
forceps, 1 dressing forceps, 1 artery needle, 6 surgeon's needles, 1
exploring needle, 1 tenaculum, 1 scissors, 1 director, 3
probes, 1 caustic holder, 1 silver catheter (compound), 6 yards suture
wire (iron), ¼ oz. ligature silk, 1/8 oz. wax, 1 Russia leather case.
(4) The Field Case
contained: 2 amputating knives (one long,
one medium), 2 catlings (one long, one medium), 3 scalpels, 2 bistouries, 1 hernia knife, 1 finger knife, 1 capital saw (long, bow,
two blades), 1 metacarpal saw, 1 Hey's saw, 1 trephine (conical), I bone
forceps (broad edged, slightly curved, spring handle), 1 bone forceps
(sequestrum, spring handle), 1 artery forceps, 1 ball
forceps, 1 dressing forceps, 1 dissection forceps, 1 artery needle, 1
artery needle key, 12 surgeon's needles, I tourniquet screw with pad, 1
tenaculum, 2 scissors, 2 retractors, 1 trocar and canula, 1 raspatory, 1
elevator, 1 brush, 1 bullet probe, 1 director, 6 steel bougies,
silvered, double curve (Nos. 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6, 7 and 8, 9 and
10, 11 and 12), 3 silver catheters (Nos. 3, 6, and 9), 6 gum-elastic
catheters (Nos. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11), 12 yards suture wire (iron), ¼ oz.
ligature silk, ½ oz. wax, 1 mahogany case (brass bound, slide catch), 1
leather pinch; pocket case the same as allowed to staff surgeons.
Be sure to read this short
article on the Truth about Civil War Surgeons by Dr. Jay Bollet
There are multiple areas on this site about Civil War
surgery sets...use the search and site map below to find them
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