Granville
Sharp Pattison, M.D
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Granville Sharp Pattison died in
the city of New York, November 12th, 1851, in the sixtieth year of his
age, after having occupied for nearly two-thirds of his life a
conspicuous place in the public eye. It is no exaggeration to say that
no anatomical teacher of his day, either in Europe or in this country,
enjoyed a higher reputation. There were undoubtedly many anatomists far
more profoundly versed in the secrets of the human frame, more
dexterous, patient, and minute dissectors, and men better acquainted
with the use of the microscope, or the study of the tissues, a branch of
anatomy now known as histology. Indeed, it is not too much to assert
that if he was not ignorant of histology and microscopical anatomy his
knowledge was very superficial. It may, however, be said that these
studies were, even at the time of his death, in their embryonic
condition. Only glimmerings of light had as yet broken in upon the
profession.
Pattison's forte as a teacher
consisted in his knowledge of visceral and surgical anatomy, and in the
application of this knowledge to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases
and of accidents, and to operations. He had studied surgical anatomy
under Allan Burns of Glasgow, its founder in Great Britain, and I may
add in this country, where the republication of his work, entitled The
Surgical Anatomy of the Head and Neck, awakened unexampled interest and
enthusiasm in this department of science. His great charm in the
lecture-room was the earnestness of his manner and the clearness of his
demonstrations. He would throw his whole soul into his subject, and use
every exertion to make himself felt and understood; and his enthusiasm
never failed to infuse itself into the dullest pupil. The appointed hour
always seemed too short, so rapidly and pleasantly did it pass. What
added interest to the speaker was a slight lisp and a Scotch accent,
which never entirely forsook him, despite his efforts to overcome them
in early life. Pattison never indulged in any of those physical displays
occasionally witnessed in our amphitheatres. On the contrary, he was
dignified, entertaining, and instructive. He possessed that peculiar
kind of eloquence which is so well calculated to enchain the attention
and enlighten the mind of the medical student—an eloquence difficult to
describe, but without which no teaching can be attractive or make an
abiding impression upon one's auditors.
It was my lot to be associated with Granville Sharp Pattison during the
session of 1850-51 in the New York University, in which I served as
Professor of Surgery as the successor of Valentine Mott . One morning,
in the summer previous to the session, during my residence at
Louisville, a telegram was handed to me at the breakfast-table, in which
I was asked whether I should be at home on a certain day the following
week, the writer adding that he desired an interview with me. When the
appointed time arrived I was not a little surprised to see before me a
small, elderly gentleman, of medium stature, with black eyes and white
hair, who introduced himself as Mr. Pattison. Up to this time I had
known him only by reputation. He soon explained the object of his visit.
He painted the prospects of the University of New York in the most
glowing colors, spoke of his colleagues as though they were the greatest
and most learned of professors, and peopled the amphitheatre at no
distant period with from eight hundred to one thousand students. I shall
never forget his enthusiasm. I was then in a halting frame of mind, for
the University of Louisville was in danger of passing out of the hands
of its trustees into the management of a board to be elected annually by
the City Council, by which the school had been largely endowed. The
question propounded to me required time for reflection. Pattison left
the next morning, depositing with me a guarantee of four thousand
dollars for my winter's labors in the event of my acceptance. At the end
of a week I sent an affirmative answer. The history of my connection,
however, with the University of New York, and of my return to
Louisville, is related elsewhere.
At an early period of his professional life he edited an edition of
Allan Burns's Surgical Anatomy of the Head and Neck and performed
several important surgical operations, tying, it is said, upon one
occasion, the omohyoid muscle instead of the common carotid artery. But
his surgical tastes, if he ever had any, never grew upon him, and as he
advanced in years the sight of blood became distressing to him.
The career of Pattison was a checkered one. He was born near Glasgow,
where, at the age of seventeen, he began the study of medicine. At
twenty-one he became an assistant of Allan Burns, and devoted himself to
the study and teaching of anatomy. From Glasgow he came in 1818 to
Philadelphia, under a promise of the chair of Anatomy in the University
of Pennsylvania, then recently vacated by the death of Dr. Dorsey, a
nephew of Dr. Physick.
A cloud, however, followed him to
this country, and he was accordingly tabooed upon his arrival. He
subsequently engaged in a duel, in which he shot his adversary in the
hip, laming him for life. Despite this adventure, he was soon after
appointed to the chair of Anatomy in the University of Maryland, which,
in consequence of his brilliant teaching, speedily attained a high
degree of prosperity. In 1828, upon the organization of the now
celebrated London University, he was called to the chair of Anatomy. A
serious misunderstanding soon arose between him and the Demonstrator of
Anatomy, Dr. Bennett, and he left London in disgust. He returned to
Philadelphia, and served as professor of his favorite branch in the
Jefferson Medical College from 1831 until 1840, when he assisted in
founding the Medical Department of the University of the City of New
York. Like a rolling stone, Pattison gathered no moss, and consequently
left no estate, although his "dear Mary," having means of her own, was
comparatively comfortable after his death.
(The personal edited research
notes of Michael Echols, the source of which may or
may not be completely documented)
